Which are the main intestinal malformations ?
The main intestinal malformations are:
- intestinal aplasia: the lack of continuity between two segments of theintestine
- intestinal atresia: two segments of the intestine that are conected by an impermeable fibrous cord
- intestinal diaphragm: thin membrane that determines stenosis in the intestinal lumen
What causes intestinal malformations?
There are a number of hypothesis as to what is the cause of intestinal malformatios- Peritonitis that ocurs during embryonic or fetal development, leading to sequelae
- Exvesive resorbtion of thee vitelline duct
- Arterial blood flow impairment (inflammation, mechanical) in the affected segment
Pathological aspect of intestinal malformations
In case of complete obstruction- Proximal loop is distended
- distal loop is hypoplastic, with a present lumen
- No air is present in the distal segment
- Microcolon
Intestinal malformations diagnosis
- Clinical pattern consistent with high or low intestinal occlusion depending on the localizations of the obstacle
- Radiography reveals a normal aeration of the stomach and hydroaeric images grouped in the central part of the abdomen
- Irigography revels a functional microcolon
Differential diagnosis for intestinal malformations
- Meconium ileus
- Meconium fetal peritonitis
- Congenital megacolon
- Ano-rectal malformations
Surgical treatment of intestinal malformations
Prior to surgery is importantto ensure hydroelectrolytic reequilibration The objective is to remove the obstacle and reestablish the continuity of the digestive tract Ileostomy is reserved for- complicated cases
- hydroelectrolytic disequilibrium
- Peritonitis
- Low forms
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